Grading-machine.



E. K. ENEBO.

GRADING'MACHINE.

y APPLlc/Tlon FILED :un: 8.1915.

Patented Sept. 24, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

E. K. ENEBUl GRADING MACHINE.

APPLlcATlon man :un: a. |915.

Patented Sept. 24,1918. .3 SHEETS--SHEET 2.

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII E. K.` ENEU.

GRADING MACHINE. MPLICATION` FILED JUNE 8. l9l5`.y

1,279,853. `Patented Sept. 24, 1918; 3 suns-suing.

ffy, /z Pff/0 fffffffffffffffffffff UNITED STATES OFFICE.

ELIAS x. ENEBO, OE MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, AssIeNOiil ro srOcxLANn ROAD MAOIIINEInr COMPANY, OP MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA; A CORPORATION.

GRADING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept, 24, 1918.

Application led June 8, 1915. .Serial No. 32,8019.

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELIAS K. ENBO, a citizen of the United States, residing at Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gradin Machines, of which the following is a speci cation.

My invention relates to grading machines and has for its object to provide improved means of counteracting the component thrust on the wheels and axle of the rader when the scraper is in action and a so to overcome the tendency of the grader to travel in a curved path insteadof a straight one duringtlie period when the scraper is in action. These results are accomplished by providing, in combination with the axle, means for sliding the axle and wheels laterally from one side to the other and for oscillating said axle and wheels jointly in a hori zontal plane, means for tilting the wheels into planes obliquely disposed 'to both the horizontal and vertical planes of the wheel base. This combination of means comprises an organization effective to completely coinpensate for the downward and lateral thrusts when the machine is in Operation, so as to hold the machine to its work and cause the line of travel to be straight and the power applied to be used most eifectively in the moving of earth by the scraper.

The extended axle serves to make the reactin `lever arm equal for both wheels so that t ie downward thrust, which is greatest at the remotest corner of the scraper, is e ually distributed on both wheels. The wlieel tilt overcomes the lateral thrust and the rear axle oscillation causes the grader to take a direct course, which it would not do unless it were oscillated, due to the fact that the front axle is'of short span and that the lateral thrust comes on the rear part of the grader.

.The full objects and advantages of my invention will appear in connection with the detailed description thereof and are particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, illustrating the application .of my invention in 'one form,

Figure 1 is a plan view of one form of my grader showngthe application of my new tilting shifting and osci lating devices. Fig. 2 is an enlarged plan view of the rear axle and a portion of the frame with parts cut -tremehposition on the left. elevational View of the portion of the maaway showing the axle extended to its ex- Fig. 3 is a rear chine shown in Fig. 2 with parts cut away and others shown in section. Fig. 4 is a plan viewvof the same portion of the grader as is shown in Fig. 2 with part of the axle cut away showing the axle extended to the left and oscillated to cause the left-hand wheel to' precede the right-hand wheel. Fig.. 5 is a rear end elevational view of the part of the grader shown inFig. 3 with the axle extended to the left and the wheels tilted toV tlie left. Fi 6 is a fragmentalside elevational view o the left side of the frame, rear wheels and axle of the grader showing the oscillatin device. Fig. 7 is a similar view of the rig t side of the same with one Wheel removed. Fi 8 is an enlarged rear end view of a portion of the left-hand rear Wheel and axle showin some parts broken away and others in section in order to expose,A some of the elements of my tilting device. Fig. 9 is a plan View of the parts shown in Fig. 8, some of them being cut away and others being shown in section. Fig. 10 is an enlarged rear end elevational view of a ortion of the right-hand rear wheel and ax e with one of the channel members ofthe axle partially removed in order to expose other elements of my tilting device. Fig. 11 is an enlarged front end view of the front axle and wheels with one of the channel members the connecting rod to the axle for producing the oscillation. Fig. 14 is an enlarged section through the rear axle on line 14T-14 of Fig. 2 showing the method of attaching the v cranks of the tilting device to the wheel shaft trunnions. Fig. 15 is a rear end 4section of the grader frame and accessories taken on the line 15-15 of Fig. 2 showing used in procuring the oscillation of the rear axle.

My grader as best shown in Fig. 1 is com- ,the cranks and crank shaft arrangement fra'lne 2O is best shown in F igs'.v 2 and 3. The

prised of a frame 2O supported on a. rear axle 21 carrying wheels 22 and 23.and on a front axle 24 carrying wheels 25 and 26, thesaid frame supporting a lscraper 27`and all such adjusting and'regulating. devices as are ordinarily required onscrapers, including a plat-form 51I onty whichxthe 'operator stands while' 4mani pulatingl the :devices con'- trollzifng. they grade-rias? well- "ast-hedevices for pro'clucingr the-oscillation oft'he-rear axle and the shifting of the-same; which said operations together with theti-ltingofV rearand front axles will be presently described. 'The front axle oseillates in a'f'horizon'tal plane about a pivot i'nfits center, as'is'usuallythe case with such graders, "the angle 0f oscillation being, however, very large. By my new device therear axle can also be niade to oscillate although merely through a small angle.

The rear axle of my grader` is comprised of two channel beams 28 rigidly fastened together at the 'ends by means of castings 29 and 30 which are bolted to the flanges of said channels. Castings 29 serve also as bear ings for a worm gear 31 which is part of the tilting device, while castings 3() serve only for-the purpose of holding the beams to gethei'. 1

The method of securing the axle to the entire axle is arranged to slide in the direction of itsI length in a casing composed of the plate 32': and the three enveloping members 33 and 34. There are two members 33, one at each 'side of the frame 20, and a single member 34 is located intermediate the side members of the frame. The members 33 and 34 are secured to the plate 32 by bolts 35. The casingthus formed is prevented from having vertical motion by the lower flange of beams 28 and the castings 36, which 4castings are rigidly fastened to the plate 32 and overlap the guides 37, said guides bein rigidly bolted to frame 20; The guides 3g and the castings 36 are arcuate, having as aa center an imaginary pivot at the intersectlon of line 12-12 oLFig. 2 and the center of the axle, thus guiding the casing and axle to oscillate about this imaginary pivot when oscillatory motion is given thereto.

The oscillatory motion is given to the casing. as follows; A shaft 38, located under the main frame 20 of the grader and somewhat 1n advance of the rear axle, has bearings 39 and 40 of the hanger type suspended from the lower flange of said frame 20 and bolted thereto. The shaft 38 has at one end a crank 41 fitted with a shoulder 42 and nut 43 t0 hold the connecting rod 44 in place. This shaft further has a worm wheel 45 on the other end rigidly keyed thereto. Worm wheel 454s. operated by a Worm gear 46, which, as well as a hand wheel 47, are securely. mounted on a. shaft 48. The shaft 48 has a bearing 49 attached to the top flange of the beam 20 and a bearing 50'attached to the side of the same beam. Shaft 48 is so situated that hand wheel 47 extends above a platform-.fil onw-hichthe operator is working -to be within? easyl'reach. The worin wheel 45 has aeap screw52 screwfed' into it, said a'pfscreur. canry-inga connecting iod', the'arrange'men-t:serving asa crank, which crank hasr'th@ samel-ength of crank ariiias 4l and' is situated at an' angle of-'one' hundred and eighty degrees with respect thereto, its cleafrl)r 'sliowniinFig 15. v 1" Theenvelopingmeinbers 33 of the casing containing rear axle 28 are showni'n section in Fig; 13. Eachof these members passes around the two channels 28 on threesides and has'a casting 54 bolted to it on Vthe fourth side, casting 54 serving as arconnecti ing member for the band 33 and also having as an integral part' the lugs 55 extending from the center. A link 56 such-as used with universal joints, having two holesia't 'right angles to each other, although in this case not in the same plane, carries the connecting rod 44 or 57, as the case may be, by means of a pivot bolt 58 and is pivotally fastened to the lugs`55 of the enveloping member'by a bolt59. 'f It can now be clearly seen from Figs. 2, 4, 6, 7'and 15 that when the cranksil'l; and 45-52 are standing in a transverse vertical plane that the ends of the connecting rodsl 44 and 57 attached' thereto are the fsame dis'- tance from such a plane, and furthermore the rear axle 28 andthe surrounding casing are at right angles to the longitudinal direction ofthe grader frame, as is shown in I `igs. 2, Gand 7. It can be further seen that as the hand wheel' 47 is revolved and the worm gear, wheel and cranks rotated, when the cranks 41 and' 45-52 are in a horizontal plane, the end of'one of the connecting rods is at a greater distance from suoli transverse vertical plane than the other, and hence the casing and rear axle have been oscillated and are situated angularly with respect to the grader frame 20, as shown in Fig. 4, the. maximum oscillation in one direction having taken place in this position of the cranks. W hen the cranks are in this condition rotation of the hand wheel 47 in either direction will cause the casing and rear axle to be oscillated in the reverse direction, the extreme position being when the cranks are again in a horizontal plane but are in reversed positions. My invention, as 'has been shown. effectually provides a'niethod of oscillating the rear axle any amount within the limits described and by means of the worm wheel and gear 45 and 46 of automatically locking the axle in the required position.

The rear axle 28, which is free to slide in the direction of its length within the casing y when the axle is at its extreme rotate freely in them.` Pinion 69 meshes i 32, 33, 34, Apreviously described, is conexpressl ing rigi ly fastene `strained and lcaused to moven this casing b the mechanism now to be described. Figs. 3 4, 5 and 12 show it to the best advantage. nveloping member 34, shown in section in Fig. 12,is a band surrounding the channeled rear axle 28 on two sides and the bottom,

fitting closely :to the rear axle 28 on the front andthe bottom'61', but leaving a space 62 on the rear side; The band 34 is bolted to a casting 63having lu 64 and "65 for that (purpose, sai v'casting' beto plate 32 by means of the cap screws 35, which plateand casting form. the top of the envelopin member. The casting 63 and the band 34' ave holes 66 and 67 respectively, said holes serving as bearings,l or a shaft 68.

worm wheel 70`. keyed to said `shaft.` he portion 72 of shaft 68 on which the gear isfastened, as well as the other end at 71', is of smaller diameter and is,` threaded on the extreme end'to receive a nut, the larger part of the shaft serving as a shoulder. The

portion of shaft 68 at 72 is used tomaintain the gear-ina fixed position on said shaft,` and the portion at 71`is used to `keep the shaft from sliding longitudinally with respect to its bearings 66 and 67 and yet to with a rack 73 bolted-to the side of the channel `28 and assing through the space 62` formed by t e' enveloping member 34. The shaft 68 and pinion 69'` are also con# tained-1n the space 62 andthe contact between thepinion andft e rack tends tokeep the axle 28 well @towardthe side 60. `The rack` 73 is somewhat long in order -to give Aconsiderable range tothe shifting device, so posit-ion, as shown inLFig. 5,'v the rack 73 extends beyond the enveloping member 33, and a chamber 74 is formed out of the band 33 in ,orderl to..

let the rack 73 pass through, as is Well shown inFig; 13. Worm wheel 70 is operated by a worm gear 75 pinned on shaft 76, said shaft 76 being Journaledl in bearings 77 which are `Shaft 76 exten an'integral partA of castingk 63 and4 are so spacedas to just allow the worm gear to ro- 4 tate between'them, thus allowing the worm .gear75 and shaft 76to`rotate freely but not to slide longitudinally in the bearings 77.

has a handcrank and handle 78 attached thereto. f

The longitudinal motion ofthe rear axle to shiftlthe wheels from one side ofthe machine to Athe other is given to the axle by means of the hand crank and handle 78 through shaft 7 6, worm gear 75., wormwheel 70, `shaft 68, pinion A69 and rack 73.

It can` readily be seen that any shift' 'within the limits determined by the length Shaft 68 carries a. p1nion69pinned thereto and is driven b a i s beyond therear member of "the frame 20, as shown in Figs. 2 and'f4, and

of rack and axle may be obtained; yand furthermore the use of the worm wheel 7 0 and' worm gear.. 7 5 render the `mechanism locked in whatever position it is left.- It will be further realized that' the whole shiftin mechanism, including'the hand crank an 'zel handle 78, kis oscillated when the axle is loscillated, by the wheelr 47, and that neither, "the platev32 nor any part of the oscillating y device is moved when the axle is shifted b the crank 78. i

The device for tilting the wheels both for the front and rear axle is entirely independent ofthe oscillating or 4shifting device and is entirely confined to the axle. It is best shown in Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, 8,9, 10, 11 and 14. 4 ff Fig. 11 shows a slightly modified form ap# licableV to the front axleksgi the preferredorm, shown in the remaining figures, will be next taken up. Figs. 8, 9 and` 14 show the left-hand mechanism. The portion 79 of the axle upon which the left-hand Wheel 22 `rotates is an integral partof a casting,y

80. The casting 80 'is also supplied with trunnions 81 and 82 and the segment of af worm wheel 83. Trunnion 82 has a square extension 84 which is'of such dimensions as to afford a shoulder 85. A crank arm86 has a square hole whichlits the square pro]ec' tion 84 of casting 80 and is held up against the shoulder'of said casting 80 by means fof" a washer 87 and a-bolt 88 which passes comeA pletelfy'7 through the centers of the trunnions 81 and 82 and is secured by means of a lnut 89. Thisrendrs the crank- 86 very rigidly.'`

attachedy to casting `80,`asis` quite essential, o

due to the heavylateral strains to which the Wheels are subit/,fied Trllnnions 81 andgg -yare journaled in holes drilled in the channels 28 and lates 90 fastened thereto. Bolts `91 which p asten these -plates to. ythe channel y beams 28 serve. a double purpose sincethey also hold the two channel beams together.4

The plates 90 have projections 92" at right angles' tothem and of such a len h` as to reacltothe middle of the axle sot at whenv together. Thegworm Wheel segment 83,

vthe uhannelbeams 28 'are `in place the `projections 92 on the opposite plates ]ust`meet. f l `.-The bolts 91 pass `v` completely7 through both 4 `channel beams and sofhelp to-hold` the yaxle,

which is` part ofthe casting 8.0mes'hes`lwith the worm gear 31. Worm ear 31 is supplied with trunnions 93 and 5 'of such 'size as to provide. shoulders 94, whichprevent the longitudinal motionof the worm-gear 'and still allow it to rotate freely. ,Worm

gear `31 is y furthermore provided'` with a square hole 97 which acts as a receptaclerfor the Vhandle 96 used in vrotating said'wr'irmy gear. .The tru'mions 95an`d 93 oworm31 are journaled in the castings 29, which` cast i. l ings are bolted to the flanges ol?-k thechannel -beams28 and thereby `also serve to hold the 1` axle rigidly together as heretoforedescribed,

'ner with casting 80. Cranks 99 and 86 are connected by a connecting link 101 by means of bolts 102 which serve as pivots.

The wheels 22 and 23, as is readily comprehended from the previous description, are'tilted by means'of the Worm wheel seg- Yment 83, the Worm gear 31 and the handle 96,

the tilt of wheel 22 being given to wheel 23 through the cranks 99 and 86 and the connecting link 101, which cranks and connecting link always keep the planes of the wheels parallel. In revolving the worm gear 31 the handle 96 is only partly inserted in the hole 97. When kthe handle 96 is allowed to reach the bottom of hole 97 itfalls in between the for the tilting device. This device, is subjectV to so many and so severe jolts that the mere worm wheel and gear locking device will hardly be suicient, as the same under such conditions will be caused to revolve and so change the angleof tilt. The minimum adjustment is hence .limited to that obtained by a quarter of a revolution of the Worm gear, but for all'occasions that is sufficient.

The application of my tilting device to the wheels of the front axle is best shown in Fig. :11. 'A right-hand casting 103 and a left-hand casting 104, identical with casting 98 of the rear axle, support and permit to rotate the wheels 25 and 26. Thesaid castings are journaled in plates 105 and have fastened to them crank arms 106, which in turn are connected by a connecting link 107, all quiter similar to the application to the( rear axle. The main difference, however, is

vin the segregation -of the worm wheel and gear from the wheel shaft or support. The arrangement will be clearly seen 1n the previously mentioned Fig. 11. A worm wheel segment 108 is trunnioned andV has -secured t`it a crank 109, which is also pivoted on connecting rod 107. The `journals and fas tenings are identical with those of the rear axle, yand worm wheel segment and trunnions areidentical withworm wheel 83 and casting 80, not havin the wheel shaft for support, yas'clearly sown. Wormwheel segment 108 meshes with a worm wheel 110, which with itsbearings and fastenings is identical with worm gear 31 except that it may have a shaft-111 supplied instead o'f the handle(9 6. The operation of the device is identical with thatapplied to the rear axle, and the modification is only necessary in order to have the shaft 111 in the center of the front axle, or in the vicinity of the king bolt, as becomesnecessary when the tilt is to be given to the front wheels by means in reach of the operator on the platform 51 situated at the rear of the grader. The device for transmitting the motion from the rear platform to the shaft 111 is not shown. In case this transmission is not desired the' handle 96 can be' substituted for the shaft 111 and the modified form of mechanism used Afor either or both axles. Due to the greater simplicity. I prefer the former method.

I claim: f

1. A grader comprising a frame, arcuate guides secured at corresponding positions cuate guides a shaft supported by said frame, a crank arm on one end of said shaft,

`on the said frame, an axle supporting said frame, a casing within which said axle is -slidably mounted, arcuate members secured tosaid casing for engagement with said ara connecting rod pivotally attachedat one end'to said crank arm and the other end of which is pivotally connected' to said casing,

a worm wheel on the other end of said shaft,`

a crank member on said worm wheel positoned at an angle of one hundred eighty degrees ,with relation to said-crank arm, a connecting rod pivotally attached` at one end g i to said crank member the other end of which is pivotally connected to sa'ldcasing, a shaft mounted on the said frame and extending upwardly therefrom, a hand wheel on one end of said shaft, a worm onthe other end thereof in mesh with said worm wheel and a supporting wheel on each end of said axle.

2. A grader comprising a frame, arcuate guides secured at corresponding positions on said frame, an axle supporting said frame, said axle -comprising-two spaced beams secured together near their' ends by castings, a casing within which said axle is slidably mounted, arcuate members secured to said casing 'for engagement ,with said arcuate guides, a shaft supported by said frame, a crank arm on one end of said shaft, an operating connection between said crank arm and said easing, a gear on' the other end ofy lsaidshaft, a crank member on said gear Ipositioned at an angle of one hundred eig ty degrees with relation to said crank arm, an operating' connection between saidv crank member and said casing, means for turning l said gear, a rack member on saidaxle, a shaft mounted on said casing, a pinion 'secured to said shaft and meshing with said rack, means for turning said shaft, a' gear mounted between the aforesaid beams in the castings which are near one end of said. 'y

carried by said trunnioned member and means for turning both of said trunnioned members in unison;` L

3. A grdercomprising a frame, arcuate guides secured at corresponding positions on the inner.y portions of the side members of said frame, an axle supporting saidframe,

said axle comprising two spaced beams secured together near their ends by castings, a casin within which -said axle is slidab y mount arcuate members secured to said casing for engagement with said arcuate guides, a shaft supported by said side members, a crank arm on one end of said shaft, a

connecting rod pivotally mounted at one end on said crank arm and the other end thereof plvotally connected to said casin a worm wheel on the other end of said sha a crank member on the said worm wheel positioned at an angie of one hundred eighty degrees with relation to said crank arm, a connecting rod pivotally mounted at` one end on said crankmember and the other member thereof pivot-,al1 connected to said casing, a. shaft mounte on said frame and extending upwardly therefrom, a, hand wheel on one end of Said shaft, a worm on the other end thereof in mesh with said worm wheel, a rack shaft mounted on said casin a pinion seworm wheel, a handle on the o y er end of member on one of the kbeams ofsad axle, a

I0 cured to said shaft and mes ng with said rack, a worm `wheel secured to said shaft, `a

ksecond shaft mounted on said casing, a worm on "one end of said shaft meshin with said 1 r 3l said shaft, a worm "mounted between the aforesaid beams in the castin s which are at one end of said beam, a mem er trunnioned in one end of said beams, a segmental worm wheel fixedl` on said member' in mesh with said worm, a supporting Wheel carried by said trunnioned member, a' second member trunnioned in the `other end of saidl beams, a supporting wheel carriedby said trunnioned member, cranks secured to each 4i of said trunnioned members, a connecting .rod ivoted to leach of said cranks,y and' a han e vfor turning said -last mentionedworm.

--In testimony whereof I aiixv my signature l0 in presence of two witnesses. i

A Y ELIAS K. ENEBo. A

Witnesses:

F. A. Wm'rmmr,

- H. A. l 

